복잡한 문법 구조와 고급 표현 학습
연결어미, 시제 표현, 존댓말과 반말 구분 등 중급 문법을 학습합니다
gong-bu-ha-go na-seo chin-gu-reul man-nat-seo-yo
I met my friend after studying ("-go na-seo" shows sequence of actions)
The '-고 나서' pattern indicates completion of one action before starting another. This is essential for expressing sequence in Korean. Unlike English 'after', Korean requires this specific verb ending to show temporal order.
bi-ssa-ji-man ma-si-sseo-yo
It's expensive but delicious ("-ji-man" shows contrast)
The '-지만' pattern expresses contrast or contradiction between two statements. This is the Korean equivalent of English 'but' or 'however'. It's crucial for expressing opposing ideas in Korean conversation.
neu-jeo-seo taek-si-reul tas-seo-yo
I took a taxi because I was late ("-eo-seo" shows reason)
The '-아서/어서' pattern indicates the reason or cause for an action. This is different from English 'because' as it directly attaches to the verb. Essential for explaining causality in Korean.
geon-gang-ha-do-rok un-dong-hae-yo
I exercise so that I can be healthy ("-do-rok" shows purpose)
The '-도록' pattern expresses purpose or intention. This is used to show the goal or desired outcome of an action. More formal than '-려고' and commonly used in written Korean.
eum-a-geul deut-neun dong-an gong-bu-hae-yo
I study while listening to music ("-neun dong-an" shows simultaneous action)
The '-는 동안' pattern indicates two actions happening at the same time. This is essential for expressing simultaneous actions in Korean. The verb before '-는 동안' must be in the present tense form.
chul-bal-ha-gi jeon-e yeol-lak-hae ju-se-yo
Please contact me before you leave ("-gi jeon-e" shows action before another)
The '-기 전에' pattern indicates an action that happens before another action. This is the Korean way to express 'before doing something'. The verb changes to noun form with '-기' before '전에'.
bi-ga o-gi ttae-mu-ne ji-be it-eul geo-ye-yo
I will stay home because it's raining ("-gi ttae-mu-ne" formal reason)
The '-기 때문에' pattern is a more formal way to express reason or cause. This is more formal than '-아서/어서' and is commonly used in written Korean and formal speech.
beo-seu-reul ta-neun dae-si-ne geol-eo-ga-yo
Instead of taking the bus, I walk ("-neun dae-si-ne" shows substitution)
The '-는 대신에' pattern indicates doing one thing instead of another. This is essential for expressing substitution or alternatives in Korean. Commonly used in daily conversation.
jeo-neun il-jjik il-eo-na-neun pyeo-ni-e-yo
I tend to wake up early ("-neun pyeo-ni-e-yo" shows tendency)
The '-는 편이다' pattern expresses a tendency or general characteristic. This is used to describe habits or general tendencies rather than absolute statements. Important for nuanced Korean expression.
eo-je-neun il-jjik jat-eoss-eo-yo
Yesterday I had gone to bed early ("-eoss-eo-yo" past perfect)
The '-었/았었어요' pattern indicates an action that was completed in the past. This is the Korean past perfect tense, showing an action that was finished before another past action. Essential for complex past tense expressions.
nae-il-kka-ji kkeut-nal geo-yeoss-eo-yo
I was going to finish by tomorrow ("-eul geo-yeoss-eo-yo" future perfect)
The '-을/를 거였어요' pattern indicates a future action that was planned but may not happen. This expresses regret or changed plans about future actions. Important for expressing conditional future situations.
si-ga-ni it-eu-myeon ga-chi ga-yo
If you have time, let's go together ("-eu-myeon" conditional)
The '-면/으면' pattern expresses a condition that must be met for something to happen. This is the Korean conditional form, equivalent to English 'if'. Essential for expressing hypothetical situations.
ham-kke ga-si-get-eo-yo?
Would you like to go together? ("-si-get-eo-yo" polite form)
The '-시다' pattern is used to make polite suggestions or invitations. This is a respectful way to suggest doing something together. Important for polite Korean communication.
eo-di-seo o-syeoss-eo-yo?
Where did you come from? ("-syeoss-eo-yo" polite question)
The '-으시/시' pattern is used to show respect when talking about someone else's actions. This is essential for Korean honorifics and showing respect to elders or superiors. Crucial for proper Korean social interaction.
mwo hae?
What are you doing? ("hae" casual form)
The '-어/아' pattern is used in casual, informal speech with close friends or family. This is the informal speech level in Korean. Important for understanding different speech levels and when to use them.
ma-si-ji?
It's delicious, right? ("-ji" casual confirmation)
The '-지' pattern is used to seek agreement or confirmation in casual speech. This is commonly used among friends and family to seek confirmation or agreement. Essential for natural Korean conversation.
seon-saeng-nim-kke-seo-neun eo-tteo-ke saeng-gak-ha-se-yo?
What do you think, teacher? ("-se-yo" respectful form)
Using appropriate honorifics shows respect and maintains proper social relationships. Korean has complex honorific systems that are crucial for social interaction. Understanding when to use formal vs informal speech is essential for Korean communication.
hoe-ui-sil-e-seo bal-pyo-hal ttae-neun jeong-jung-ha-ge mal-hae-ya hae-yo
When presenting in the meeting room, you must speak politely ("-ya hae-yo" obligation)
Different situations require different levels of formality in Korean communication. Korean society places great importance on proper language use according to context. This includes workplace, academic, and social settings where appropriate speech levels are crucial.